Persuasive Speech Factory Farming - 822 Words

Sample Persuasive Speech Outline Topic: Factory Farming Organizational Pattern: Monroe’s Motivated Sequence Specific Purpose: To persuade the audience that factory farms are dangerous and abusive and therefore need to be banned. Primary Audience Outcome: I the want the audience to join or support national organizations that protest against factory farms. Thesis Statement: The U.S. government should ban factory farms and require the meat industry to raise animals in their natural environments. Attention: Close your eyes and step into the world of an individual. You are born into a world where nights and days are never constant (attention getter). You are fed three to five times a day, but no one is there to nurture you. Not even the numerous others crammed into your living space. You grow frantic, scared, and sickly. Now open your eyes, to reality. What I have just described is one of America’s worst ghettos. You know this individual who is trapped in this environment. He is your breakfast, lunch and dinner. It is the meat you eat . Today’s farms not only abuse their animals they also produce harmful diseases and environmental hazards that affect each and every one of us, regardless of whether you consume animal products or not. The U.S. government should ban factory farms and require the meat industry to raise animals in their natural environments (preview of points and statement of purpose). I. What used to be Old McDonald’s farms have now become factory farmsShow MoreRelatedA Sustainable Agriculture Persuasive Speech1124 Words   |  5 PagesTony Villa Ms.Kim H English 9 25 April 2017 Sustainable agriculture Persuasive Speech According to The Networker â€Å"nature sinks are filling up rapidly†. â€Å"The â€Å"hypoxic zone† in the Gulf of Mexico increased to 8,200 square miles in 2002, largely due to excess nutrients from agricultural activities†. Somewhere in London there is a store named FARM:shop trying to lessen the excess nutrients harming our world and one of the founders argue that If you re growing food directly where it s eaten, thereRead MoreFood Inc When The Food Industry Keeps Their Farmers Under Their Control1553 Words   |  7 Pageskeep purchasing more on dept. As a result of loans and only $18,000 annually (Kenner) they are stuck in a hole that they can’t get out of. I find many things disturbing about this. First off, I find it disturbing that he picked a poorly educated farming area. It seems obvious that the farmers don’t know what they got into and don’t have any knownldge of how to get out. I find it an example of poor unionization within t he small farmers that are to be blamed not the ones that find out how to exploitRead MoreBook Report on George Orwells Animal Farm4597 Words   |  19 PagesOld Major dies, and for three months the animals make secret preparations to carry out the rebellion. The work of teaching and organizing goes to the pigs, the cleverest of the animals, and especially to Napoleon and Snowball. Together with the persuasive Squealer, they formulate the principles of a philosophy called Animalism, which they spread among the other animals, who start calling each other comrade. At first, many of the animals find the principles of Animalism difficult to understand,Read MoreBook Report on George Orwells Animal Farm4582 Words   |  19 PagesOld Major dies, and for three months the animals make secret preparations to carry out the rebellion. The work of teaching and organizing goes to the pigs, the cleverest of the animals, and especially to Napoleon and Snowball. Together with the persuasive Squeale r, they formulate the principles of a philosophy called Animalism, which they spread among the other animals, who start calling each other comrade. At first, many of the animals find the principles of Animalism difficult to understand,Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesexpansion of practices that have been going on for centuries: travel for trade and business, the colonization of agricultural lands, the movement of soldiers and sailors, and the constant ebb and flow of forced and free labor to plantations, mines, factories, and domestic service both far and near. But the explosion in quantity was also a transformation in quality. Migrations were inseparable from unprecedented urbanization and population growth, the expansion of industrial production and global marketsRead More65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 Pagescampuss top new television reporter, and as a junior and senior, I translated that passion for human connection into a stint as Berrys top newspaper opinion columnist and a widely read campus poet. I was the lead in a one...act play and led my college speech team to its highest ever national finish. I learned business, finance, and organi... zationalleadership by founding a community soup kitchen andlead... ing the campus investment group to unprecedented stock market returns; and in everything, I soughtRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesof management as reflected through the lens of modernist organization theory Introduction Conceptualizing management The historical origins and development of management 382 382 384 385 . xii Contents Technological change and the factory system The impact of scientific management The managerial revolution and the origins of managerialism Redefining managerialism Leadership and managerialism Diffusion between institutions: the case of the UK public sector New public management DiffusionRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesa book that can help transform dry and rather remote concepts into practical reality, and lead to lively class discussions, and even debates. In the gentle environment of the classroom, students can hone their analytical skills and also their persuasive skills—not selling products but selling their ideas—and defend them against critical scrutiny. This is great practice for the arena of business to come. NEW TO THIS EDITION In contrast to the early editions, which examined only notable mistakesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesnotorious of all, of course, was the prediction by the United States patent office in 1896 that it would soon close its doors since â€Å"everything that can be invented has been invented.† Warren Bennis, a colleague of ours, half-jokingly predicted that the factory of the future would have only two employees, a person and a dog. The person would be there to feed the dog. The dog would be there to keep the person from touching the equipment! Tom Peters counseled managers that, due to the chaotic pace of changeRead MoreBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 Pagessuccessful. If you picture a successful person, it takes you off in a different direction -- that of an action-oriented, perhaps even aggressive type. Finally, try not to come up with a whole laundry list of adjectives. Bring those powerful parts of speech down to two or thre e words that really convey the essence. Now, when you sit down to write a personality description, you need not subject yourself to a blank sheet of paper. Because there are three factors that can give you a substantial head

The Appeal of O Level English Essay Samples

The Appeal of O Level English Essay Samples What You Should Do About O Level English Essay Samples Starting in the Next Seven Minutes Contrary to other level 3 qualifications like the International Baccalaureate, A Levels don't have any particular requirements for which subjects to study, so students have the chance to combine any subjects they desire to take. They may take these courses because they are English majors, because they enjoy reading and writing, because they are looking to fulfill a requirement, or for their own personal interest. Frequently, after receiving their very first grade on an essay, they decide that they are not satisfied with their grade and want to do better. Accordingly, so as to get a high grade for the paper, the student should follow all of the formatting rules and norms. It's possible to find excellent grades without them. A Levels are by and large worked towards over two decades. The A2 Level isn't a qualification alone, and have to be accompanied with an AS Level in the very same subject for certification. There's, clearly, a limit on the range of pages even our finest writers can produce with a pressing deadline, but usually, we can satisfy all the clients seeking urgent assistance. Moreover, our English-speaking writers make sure every order has original content and an appropriate structure. If it is possible to simplify a subject others can't readily grasp or answer questions few others are going to explain, you are in possession of a high traffic hub even in niche places. In case the question the user is most likely asking requires a comprehensive explanation and you may write excellent content to answer it, do it. The term limit is provided for merely a rough estimate of how long your composition needs to be. The introduction portion o f the essay is followed by the body section, that is the most important part of the paper. You can be totally sure your paper is going to be delivered in time and be of the maximum quality. It was what you place into your paper is easily the most valuable point. Set texts are offered from a wide variety of distinct periods and cultures. Anthologies can do this since they offer as much variety in such a relatively modest space. Ensure you practice loads. If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on O Level English Essay Samples While writing an essay for an english class may appear overwhelming it does not need to be. English essay samples need to be thoroughly analyzed and understood for the youthful student before trying to compose his magnum opus. 1 case of a reflective essay. There'll be four essays, including a bigger research essay, and many forum discussion topics. Very simple to learn if you do the previous papers. Bear in mind that all scholarship applications are different so you might have to design your essay to fulfill those particular requirements. If you're worried that you won't have the ability to locate a low-cost essay writing service capable of dealing with your academic papers, we're here to prove you wrong. Deciding upon an anthology of poems may be an exciting prospect. Book reading and standard vocab is the obvious solution to essay part. Use this website to study all of the grammar and vocabulary you should pass English exams. You are able to choose whether to offer punctuation and capitalization. You also need to hear every new word 5 to ten times if you'd like to remember it. To understand the significance of the phrase an age you've got to read the 2 sentences before it. As you pay for homework, we provide those options free of charge. It is suggested to look for the one which has a superior reputation and offers high-quality papers at inexpensive rates. A career in the health care field is a fantastic choice nowadays. As a consequence, you get a fantastic deal of free time and completed homework. What's Actually Going on with O Level English Essay Samples Nevertheless, folks have to bear in mind they should not be clouded by fear since it will hinder their progress. You should have your reasons, and our principal concern is that you find yourself getting a great grade. Each has a distinctive purpose. Drink lots of water or juices. The 30-Second Trick for O Level English Essay Samples You have to speak a language if you wish to be in good in it. Students might also be asked to pay extra fees for access to internet resources that aren't available through the Ohlone College Bookstore. They lead busy lives and often forget about an upcoming deadline. Students that are studying off campus are anticipated to fulfill the application submission deadline.

Intercultural Communication in Australia and New Zealand

Question: Discuss about the Intercultural Communication in Australia and New Zealand. Answer: Introduction: The world is becoming a global community, and the need for cross cultural and intercultural communication is gaining importance in the multicultural society of Australia. The relationship between professional communication and organizational communication and the outcomes of an employees job satisfaction are due the consistency of communication across cultures. According to the researcher, the Japanese Businessmen needs to understand the importance of Intercultural communication in respect to pursue it businesses in Australia and New Zealand (Samovar et al., 2014). Intercultural communication is the huge range of problems that consists in communicating different religious, ethnic, social and educational backgrounds. Therefore, Intercultural Communication plays a vital role in sharing ideas, technologies and thoughts over cross-cultural boundaries. According to the researcher, the various ways to communicate with Australians and New Zealanders are as follows: Do not speak about racism: Australians and New Zealanders are very proud of their culture, heritage and legacy. Australians do not like to exploit racism. They simply never accept to address someone or refer him or her by racially pejorative names. Equality in Culture: There is a culture of equality prevailing within the Australians. They are very much friendly in nature and can even talk to strangers with courtesy and manner. It is considered rude if an individual seat in the back of Taxi while travelling alone which indicates that the person his hurting the feelings and not maintain equality of the culture (Neuliep, 2014). Do not be late: Australians and New Zealanders are very much aware of their time schedules and they are very much strict towards it. They do not want people to be late as they are quite punctual with timings. Therefore, it is necessary to know meetings time before hand and always try to keep the meeting short, simple and sharp (Carbaugh, 2013). Casual Conversation at Workplace: The Australians like to keep their meetings shorts and simple. The casual conversation may start at the lunch meetings where there is a huge scope to talk about mutual interest and topical subjects (Buhrig, House ten Thije, 2014). Lack of Hierarchies: The level of hierarchy does not exist in much number of offices in Australia. The reason behind this as most of the organizations ensures encouragement to provide same level engagement and respect with all of their employees respectively. Therefore, it is mandatory to treat all of their employees equally in terms of gratitude and courtesy (Martin Nakayama, 2013). Perception Checking: It is necessary for the Japanese businesspersons to know about all the perceptions of its employees in their new branch of the company. By gaining proper perception the businessperson will be able, understand the behavioral pattern and characteristics of its employees effectively. Therefore, before entering into a new segment of intercultural relationship adequate amount of knowledge in perception checking is required (Mindess, 2014). Listening Effectively: According to the researcher, it is necessary to understand the way people talk and communicate in Australia and New Zealand and listen to them respectively. Therefore, it will provide the businessperson to gain adequate amount of information and will help him/her to communicate more effectively with them (Buhrig, House ten Thije, 2014). Giving Feedback: One of the most important parts of any communication is to provide good amount of feedback to the person they are communicating. Therefore, proper feedback is necessary for the businessperson to gain valuable thoughts about the people of Australia and it will imitate good flow of intercultural communication (Martin Nakayama, 2013). According to the researcher all, the above-mentioned points are necessary to take into consideration while communication. Importance of Intercultural Communication in Australia New Zealand: The development of globalization in the world is creating an urge of Intercultural communication globally. Intercultural communication has played a huge part in most of the international summit by sharing of business views, economic activities, technological innovations and political scenarios. Moreover, people are much more frequently involved in situations where there is a need of intercultural communication. Several components of Intercultural communication are required to be highlighted to the businessperson. The businessperson needs to understand the global aspect of intercultural communication that includes the situation of the communication itself for example, the social roles played by individuals and their participation in expected norms of interaction, interpretation, and they way they construct and share their sense of communication towards reality. Various stereotypes entertain themselves as individuals and often form members of social groups. The improvement of verbal an d non-verbal behaviors is done with the help of intercultural communication. All the attitudes, beliefs and values they share with the social group must be properly evaluated by the businessperson (Asante, Miike Yin, 2013). In Australia and New Zealand, there is higher need of Intercultural communication as both of these countries represent different culture of peoples and they are always interacting with different languages and values of different people. They both form one of the world most multicultural societies. However, many of us are ignorant of our own unique cultural backgrounds when we try to communicate ourselves with others, therefore when other people not intentionally break particular rules and disappoint or offend we start to be aware of them respectively. According to the researcher, intercultural communication would inspire corporate cultures, human rights officer, educational staffs and government officials to develop and maintain global organizations (Sorrells, 2015). According to the researcher, the businessperson can improve it communication with the help of the following measures: The businessperson needs to have some knowledge of the cultures, institutions and organizations and the history of the people living in Australia and New Zealand. Adapting the behavior of that country the businessperson is travelling that includes of not being offended if someone unwillingly disappoints or does something that the businessperson may find difficult to accept (Casmir, 2013). The best way to understand a situation is to understand what other wants to say. The businessperson needs to understand the expectation of people of Australian and New Zealand and take measures to solve conflicts and issues respectively (Sorrells, 2015). The most important factor is that the businessperson must not be afraid towards apologies. The fastest and easiest way towards effective communication is to apologies and then solves all the queries respectively (Hua Kramsch, 2016). The businessperson must take help from local television to learn about behavioral issues of the people and all the norms prevailing in that country (Casmir, 2013). It is concluded, there are numerous changes that are emerging on the field of communications which resulting from the change of demographics of several communities in which the business operates. The cultural identity is one of the most important parts of intercultural business communication. According to the researcher, all the above-mentioned points and recommendation will benefit the businessperson to take adequate steps while communicating effectively with the Australians and New Zealand people in the workplace. Moreover, the businessperson will also understand the importance of intercultural communication in Australia and New Zealand. Moreover, how the people of these countries behave in the workplace and understanding of their social customs. References: Asante, M. K., Miike, Y., Yin, J. (2013).The global intercultural communication reader. Routledge. Buhrig, K., House, J., ten Thije, J. (2014).Translational action and intercultural communication. Routledge. Carbaugh, D. (2013).Cultural communication and intercultural contact. Routledge. Casmir, F. L. (2013).Ethics in intercultural and international communication. Routledge. Hua, Z., Kramsch, C. (2016). Symbolic power and conversational inequality in intercultural communication: An Introduction.Applied Linguistics Review,7(4), 375-383. Martin, J. N., Nakayama, T. K. (2013).Experiencing intercultural communication. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Mindess, A. (2014).Reading between the signs: Intercultural communication for sign language interpreters. Nicholas Brealey Publishing. Neuliep, J. W. (2014).Intercultural communication: A contextual approach. Sage Publications. Samovar, L. A., Porter, R. E., McDaniel, E. R., Roy, C. S. (2014).Intercultural communication: A reader. Cengage Learning. Sorrells, K. (2015).Intercultural communication: Globalization and social justice. Sage publications.

Nolan Ryan Essays - Baseball Pitching, Nolan Ryan, Strikeout

Nolan Ryan Lynn Nolan Ryan Jr., more commonly known as Nolan Ryan, developed the position of pitcher in baseball more than anyone else in the history of America's favorite past time. With his flaming fastballs and his deadly curve ball, he was able to mesmerize batters like no other. Nolan also defied the age barrier by playing 27 years in the MLB. Beyond his amazing baseball skill, he was an incredible role model to anyone that met him. He handled himself with a poised and friendly manner that made the fans believe that there was still good athletes that cared about the fans. Lynn Nolan Ryan, Jr. was born January 31, 1947, in Refugio, Texas. He was the youngest of six children. He grew up playing Little League baseball, his father coaching, and later played in high school. It was there when a New York Mets scout saw him and signed him to play Minor league baseball in Virginia. It was not until he was brought up to the Mets pro team that he finally married his high school sweetheart, Ruth. He has three children, Reid, Reese, and Wendy. Unlike many other celebrities, his entire family is devout Christians. He continues to do a lot of charity work, realizing how lucky he is to have such a great ability of pitching. He lives in Austin, Texas, presently, with Ruth and his daughter Wendy. Baseball has been America's game for generations. But until Nolan came around, no pitcher had ever been watched so closely as he was. He defied the age barrier, playing in the majors for 27 years, and his awesome ability to regularly throw 90 miles per hour the entire game defied the speed limitations of pitchers. He also had the accuracy of a sniper, able to pitch anything he wanted, a fastball, curve, changeup, anything, and get the batter to swing a it. Through the duration of his career, he struck out 5,714 batters, had seven no-hitters, and holds 15 other MLB records, such as the oldest man to pitch a no-hitter, single-season strikeout record and he was the first man to be given a $1 million dollar contract, given to him by the Houston Astros. Ryan kept his awesome pitching performances going until 1993, when he retired, feeling that he had nothing left to offer in the Major League Baseball. He set many benchmarks pitching, and a few that will never be broken, but he gave other pitchers the drive to try to beat his records, making him one of the best baseball players ever. Biographies

Chicago City essays

Chicago City essays People living around the world know where is United States and a lot of them dreaming to live in there. United States is a powerful and a good organized country. That is why people around the world know it. U.S. is not an old country but very big. Many years ago people with different dreams were coming there and they were trying to make those dreams come true. That country has a lot of big cities which ones are nice and has the latest architecture buildings. United States has a lot of big cities and one of them is Chicago. It is very big city in which around 2.5 million of people are living. It has a lot of huge factories and businesses. Every early morning cars, subs, and trucks are going from one place to another. Probably you can imagine how many cars are going in the Chicago city every day. That is why traffics are so bad around that territory, specially in highways every day. Of course this city has a lot of secury which helps to control and keep the city in order. The most gorgeous area in the Chicago is the Chicago Downtown which is rich in architecture buildings businesses and parks. You could see one of the highest buildings in the world which ones are in the Chicago Downtown. A lot of rich people are living in there because houses are very expensive. It has a good transportation which is very comfortable go to work or other places around. If you are living in the Chicago Downtown practically you do not need a car because it has easier ways to get yourself where you need to. Chicagos air pollution is very badly polluted but a lot of people trying to solve that problem by reducing factory work around big city. Government tries to open more parks and puts more money in the city cleaning companies for keeping the city as clean as possible. Of course it is always going to be more polluted than suburbs around the city. Like and every big city Chicago has a big crime level. It is a lot of ...

How to Be Become a Rock Collector

How to Be Become a Rock Collector I like to collect rocks, and so do many other people I know. While you can purchase rock collecting starter kits, rock collecting is a great free activity. Its a fun excuse to go out into nature, many rock collectors like to travel to different places in order to collect different types of rocks. Some rock collectors like to learn all about the rocks they collect, while some base their collection on looks. What kind of collector are you? The Rock Collecting Types I think of a rock collector as someone who compiles rock and mineral specimens as an end in itself. Rock collectors come in a couple of  models: The rockhound is the most familiar: someone who enjoys hunting for unusual, rare or valuable minerals in organized group trips to mines. Rockhounds swap specimens with other collectors and may sell small amounts of material. Some tend to acquire piles of bulk rough that they may process later, but others may maintain exquisite cabinets of fine mounted minerals. They are hobbyists who may graduate to become dealers.The lapidary collects rocks to make things with them. I would include jewelers  in this category too: people who cut crystals and gemstones into jewelry making. They are hobbyists who may graduate to become artisans. That said, some people collect rocks as a means to an end. I dont call them rock collectors, although they certainly care about rocks: Geologists do study and collect rocks, but they arent rock collectors. Their collections have scientific or professional, not personal purposes.Mineral dealers arent rock collectors, even if they dig up their own material. Their collections are for sale, not for pleasure. Starting a Rock Collection You dont need to have been a coin (or stamp) collector to become a rock collector. But I was, and one personal rule I kept was to collect only rocks that Ive found myself. To me, the virtue in this is that Ive documented each stone and its context. It means that each of my stones is connected to an experience in the field. Each rock represents something I learned and stands as a reminder of somewhere Ive been. Building a Rock Collection My collection stays relatively small. Thats because Im a careful selector. You might call my practice, seeking a type specimen for each place I visit a single rock that displays the geological features of the site in miniature. There are other ways I can expand my collection as well. I could trade rocks with other collectors like many people do. But then I would need to take more rock back from my trips. This can have negative effects on the environment. Ive visited more than one outcrop that has been harvested out of existence, and I dont want to contribute to that problem. Besides, if no trading partner is interested the collecting has been a waste. In some locations, rock collecting is forbidden. Ive learned I can collect the forbidden or unfeasible, thanks to the camera. Photographing a rock and then leaving it behind allows me to collect without collecting. Photography protects the environment and gives me ample room at home to display the rocks I truly love. A word about the rock and mineral photos on the Web and on my site: Rock photos are generally good examples of the rock types youll see in the field. The same is not true for minerals, however. Mineral photos tend to favor spectacular specimens. I try as much as possible to avoid that approach in my mineral galleries because for me the point is to learn minerals from typical specimens, the way that students of rocks encounter them. Rock Collectors versus Mineral Collectors Rock collectors and mineral collectors are two different kinds of rockhound. Although both seek specimens that are good examples of their type, good rocks and good minerals never occur together. A good rock specimen contains all the right minerals in due proportion, but a good mineral specimen is always out of proportion for its rock type. Rock collectors are generally limited to whatever they can find or trade for because there is no market for rock specimens (except for educational starter collections). Little more is involved than trimming a hand specimen and recording where it was found. Mineral collectors, however, can shop for all kinds of rarities in rock shops and mineral shows; indeed, you can amass a great mineral collection without getting your hands dirty at all. And a major part of the hobby happens at home in the cleaning, mounting and displaying of mineral specimens.

Family Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Family Business - Essay Example History has it that many of the current successful company. Many of these companies were started by a family but later were sold to the public. In a family business the level of outside employees is limited and the family members are involved in the running of the business. Even in place where the external members are involved, the top positions of running the business are allocated to the family members. Some of the most successful family business includes Cargill, Ford Motor Company, Koch Industries, Mills Fleet Farm, Tetra Park, and others. 3It has been shown that a business that is started and run by the family always succeed due to some basic elements that are attached to such business. There have been several researches that have been carried out on family businesses. This research will try to look at some of the findings of these researches in order to understand the dynamics of family businesses and why they are likely to succeed compared to other business. 4Management of a family business present one of the most complex business organization compared to others. This is because the business is driven by linkages in the family members which are often emotion. It presents a problem in managing the emotional family ownership and rational needs of the business. This creates a fertile ground that nurtures conflict at many levels in the running of the business. 5This is mostly presented in times of generational shifts where there are uncertainties on the interest an leadership competence of the inheriting generation family members makes the running and management of the business more vulnerable. Though most of these businesses succeed, they are usually faced with problems like any other business in the course of their operation. It has been shown that a family business may come with some of the worst business crisis especially in issues relating to succession. Planning a succession in a family business has been shown as a unique problem that most of these businesses face in the course of their operation. 6The interests of diverse family members always conflict one another not only on the issues of succession but also on other issues like hiring of another members. For example it has been shown that there is allows a conflicts when family members have to decide the ones who will be hired for running managerial jobs and sometime favours in the family may make the family to hire a member who is less competent than others which leads to underperforming of the business. Sometime conflicts in family business have been shown even to end up in courts. But unlike in other business wh ere the magnitude of the conflict may lead to underperformance of the businesses, the conflict in a family businesses has been shown to be successfully controlled from inside before it bursts to the lime light of the law courts. There are usually means to try and resolve the conflict in a family set up before it is taken to the courts. One of the great problems that are encountered in running of family business conflict has been the difficult that is encountered especially by parents in resolving the conflicts with their sons. The parents are sometimes torn between the love of their children and the interest of the families. One example is given of Stew Leonard's

Experimental Study Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Experimental Study - Article Example The other exposures of interest include use of nitrous oxide, the utilization of slightly hypoxic mixtures during anesthesia, and postoperative opioid administration. The effectiveness of dexamethasone as antiemetic was compared with the two serotonin subtype 3 antagonists ondansetron and granisetron in 80 patients divided into four groups undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Group 1, consisting of control patients, received 0.9% NaCl; group 2 patients received ondansetron 4 mg i.v.; group 3 patients received granisetron 3 mg i.v.; and group 4 patients received dexamethasone 8 mg i.v., all before the induction of anesthesia. Both nausea and vomiting were assessed during the first 24 h after the procedure. Inclusion Criteria: A total of 80 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical class I–II patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included. The age range was from 21 to 75 years (mean: 51.5 years). Each patient gave his or her written consent to participate in the study. The study was approved by the Medical University ethics committee. The exclusion criteria: The patients’ exclusion criteria were as follows: American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical class III–IV; age over 75 years; body mass index above 30; pregnancy; smoking; signs of gastrointestinal, endocrine, renal, hepatic or immunological disease; use of opioids or tranquillizers less than 1 week before the operation; treatment with steroids; history of alcohol or drug abuse; history of motion sickness; preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder empyema and previous endoscopic sphincterotomy for common bile duct stones; and conversion to open cholecystectomy. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was recorded during three assessment periods, 0–6 h, 6–12 h, and 12–24 h, by nursing staff without knowledge of which antiemetic the patients had received. Both nausea and vomiting were

Examine the idea of games Essay Example for Free

Examine the idea of games Essay Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf is a play about the emptiness that comes with regarding a material lifestyle as a fulfilling one, and the cruelty associated with people who suffer from a lack of more spiritually rewarding pursuits. For example Martha and Georges inability to have children, and her corresponding harsh comments to George on the subject of their son, who could not tolerate the shabby failure his father had become. The games and rituals George and Martha are so obsessed with are in many ways an outlet for raw emotion they cannot vent in more meaningful ways, Martha simply a woman with too much time and George a bogged down History lecturer. However, the games George and Martha play often serve to reinforce the love in their marriage the ability to simply allow these comments to run off shows how comfortable they are with one another. These games mean clichi d demonstrations of cute affection are not required to show their love, which would in some ways romanticise the play, and cut through the true nature of their relationship. Albees customised Genre attempts to contradict the popular notion of faultless marriages and living happily ever after. A quote from Albee himself said he was trying to break away from the Broadway productions of the period, which were simply, A reaffirmation of the audiences values, for those who wanted reminding of the status quo. It appears Albee uses the games as a metaphor of the trivial pursuits that people wade through having overlooked the more valuable things in life. The games are a test of endurance, and in general are based around winning a contest fairly based on rules. Honey and Nick represent a sheltered section of society that when exposed to the relentlessness of the games discover things about themselves that were previously unknown to them. Its as if they see the how hollow these games really are, and search for what they truly represent. For example the symbolic bringing up baby game helps Honey realise that she really does want a child, when previously her illusions of the importance of keeping those slim hips threatened her purpose in life of procreation. In some ways Albees use of the games put the audience in Nick and Honeys position, and the games convey the sub-text of the play that arent immediately obvious. In playing these games with the audience he gets the people thinking of the other hidden symbolism that piece together to give the overall message of the play; Albee revelled in giving the audience an experience they would remember. For example the names George and Martha, those of the founding couple of the American Constitution: a solid moral base for a nation that slowly warped over the years. The consumer revolution of Albees time signified the loss of sight of the true importance of ones roll in society, and the reluctance to recognise such mistakes is the biggest blunder of all. In many respects, George and Martha failed to snip their obsession with games and rituals in the bud and face the prospect of years of torment. Yet the final exorcism suggests that a sacrifice of some kind could allow the purity to return, most likely a message to the audience that the material illusions that have so heavily affected their lifestyles are a hindrance to a more meaningful progression. But the bringing up baby game is one of the more ritualistic games, and highlights the difference of the two. While Albee uses games to build the tension, and subtly suggest underlying themes, the rituals are usually used to diffuse the tension. Due to the nature of the games, there is an unpredictability that relies on the people playing, a theme Albee made sure to include by showing segments of everyone playing off against each other, some more significant than each other. For example George and Nick, the old and the new, the professor of the future of science and the professor of history, have a reasonably long debate, a form of game. It has connotations of the knowledge learnt from the past overriding the more here and now approach, another concealed message that there are things to be learnt from the past. However the rituals are more solid and planned, as with the rituals associated with the church they have a purpose, a meaning theyre symbolic. Games keep you occupied momentarily, but the rituals have an affect on your attitude to life. The rituals that Albee presents are very much simply a more dramatic and emotive effect than any games do. They give deep insight to the true nature of the characters, that cannot be judged purely on face value. It is Marthas ritualistic, rehearsed account of her son that provokes Honeys reaction of, I want a baby! , which in some respects relieves previous anxiety she would have suffered from over her indecision i. e. the proposed abortions. The most moving and important ritual of the play, the final Requiem Mass, relives all of the tension caused by the bitter conflict. It finishes with a quite calm and sane approach to the situation they are in; it awakens Martha to the truth of her illusions; she has come to rely on what at first helped her cope, much like the world has come to rely on the material things in life. The play finishes with the prospect of hope. The rituals in the play come in two forms. There are the routine, habitual practices that come as second nature to George and Martha, such as the antagonistic references to Marthas braying and George being a bog, and customary insults. But then there is the darker notion of a more ceremonial practice, such as the apparently set service of Georges exorcism. The interspersion of light-hearted games and sinister rituals, serves to stress the devolution of Martha and Georges relationship as the lines between the two slowly faded. In the same way a couple can jokingly accept a frivolous jibe, George and Martha have come to deem poignant, offensive comments as rudimentary. Martha: Uh you make me puke. George: That wasnt a very nice thing to say Martha: I like your anger The tone of the play builds towards the end because the Games slowly develop to rituals. At the start of the play, Marthas comment of, you make me puke is quickly fixed when Martha tries to give George, A big sloppy kiss, and it is taken in jest. But as the play advances, their interaction becomes more ritualistic. At one point their argument diffuses into calling each other names in French, something they are obviously accustomed to as they have French insults at the ready. Martha and Georges arguments become increasingly ritualistic, leading up to the previously collaborated behaviour of their son. They accuse one another of having failed their son, A son that came to his father for advice that wasnt mixed with sickness to which Martha retorts, A son who was so ashamed of his father . These are clearly things that they have accused each other of before, over a son that doesnt even exist. The comments are those divorces are made of, over the illusion of a son that can in actual fact give no input, meaning they are left to make up the rest for themselves, entrapping themselves in a web of further deceit. The irregularity of George and Marthas relationship is really due to the collage of games and rituals that govern their life their sniping is a set routine, a series of games, some of which they have become so accustomed to that they have become rituals. For example Marthas accusation of Phrasemaker, an idea we see so often throughout the play, with finishing each others sentences,that they even do it to their guests; Nick: actually, shes very frail and George: Slim-hipped. A prime example of the poisoning affect of the Games Martha and Georges relationship revolves around is that they seem to forget others arent familiar with the barrage of insults, that often appear intentionally offensive, Nick: I try not to George: Get involved. The games and rituals serve the purpose of revealing things about characters we may have previously been unaware of, and build great amounts of tension that keep the audience enthralled. However, Albee has also used them to give structure to an otherwise talking-based play. The games add an erratic element, in the idea that it is a contest to be one. People arguing can just seem relentlessly stressful, which admittedly at times Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf is, but by presenting them in this way Albee turns it into a spectator sport. Albee achieves realistic conflict and tension, but simultaneously intersperses the human arguments with the more surreal and metaphorical sections of the play. The overall message created can be as awakening to the audience as it has been to some of the characters.

The Role of Panfilo in the Decameron Essay -- Boccaccio Decameron Essa

The Role of Panfilo in the Decameron      Ã‚  Ã‚   Panfilo devotes himself to love. He believes that love conquers all. In this respect, he is the antithesis of Filostrato, who is a man defeated by love. They even have opposite names (panFILO, FILOstrato). Throughout his tales, he pits love versus several formidable adversaries. In his first tale, the love of God overcomes the gullibility of the people of Burgundy. They pray to a man who was quite evil in life, and certainly belonged in Hell, but God answered their prayers anyway because of the purity of their faith. On the fourth day, he is forced by Filostrato to tell a tale in which love does not conquer all, as their outcomes are unhappy. Panfilo cooperates with Filostrato, but in the end love still carries on. The story he tells shows two lovers (Andreuolo and Gabriotto) ripped apart by death. However, after Gabriotto is killed, Andreuolo stays true and faithful to him. Her lover may be dead, but her love for him never subsides and she refuses to marry anyone else. While this story does have an unhappy ending as Filostrato prescribed, Panfilo makes a point to show how love still lives on and is not defeated by death.    Panfilo continues to demonstrate the power of love as he pits it against Fortune in the fifth story. After love has turned Cimon from a bumbling idiot into a fine gentleman, its force is so strong within him that he fights like a lion and captures Iphigenia. Fortune takes over at this point, and with a storm sends him to the island of Rhodes where he is thrown in jail and Iphigenia is sent off to marry another man. At this point, his situation looks hopeless. But, once the Magistrate's love for Cassandra causes him to release Cimon i... ...d that a priest tells them, as the priest in this story denies payment to Belcolore and even takes back the cloak that he had given to her for surety.    Panfilo plays a significant role in The Decameron. He has the responsibility of presiding as king over the final day of their story telling. And, in order to make up for all of the trickery, deception, and infidelity that preceded his day, he creates a theme that will end their trip on a very good note. His theme of magnificence and generosity is a refreshing turnaround from many of the previous themes. Leading up to his crowning, Emilia asked him to make up for the failings of the previous kings and queens. He tried to accomplish this as best he could, by creating a joyous theme.    Work Cited Boccaccio, Giovanni. The Decameron. Transl. G. H. McWilliam. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1972.

My Favorite Place in the World

The sun shines. The water glistens in the bright light. The wind swirls around me, unsettling the hot sand beneath my feet. I run to the ocean, disturbing the calm water as I dive in. The water surrounds me, engulfing me in its warmth. I am now at peace. For right now, at this moment, I am one with the water and the salt and the sand, and everything is okay. All my problems are washed away with the tide. It’s just me and the ocean. Just me and the beach. Just me and my favorite place in the world. I cannot describe how much the ocean means to me.The waves, the sand, the sun, the water, the world deep beneath the surface that no human truly understands, everything about it just connects with me. I grew up with the ocean; it was on the shores that I took my first steps, learned to swim, and grew familiar with all the small creatures the dwell near the shore. No, I didn’t entirely grow up on the beach, though I wish I had. I’ve lived since birth, in the Chicago land area. However, once a year my family has gathered in a beach house in North Carolina, right on the ocean, for a weeklong reunion.I treasured those precious seven days I had with my family on the beach, for that is all I got; seven days of pure happiness, and then I went back to my normal, beach-less life. Don’t get me wrong; I loved growing up in the city, but something about those weeks at the beach captured my heart and made me yearn for more. So many of my best childhood memories are centered on the shores of North Carolina. Surrounded by all my favorite people and things, there was never a dull moment.Though looking back it seems like we spent every waking moment on the beach and in the water, we also played games inside the beach house, or just hung out and talked while sitting on the porch, looking out at a beautiful beach sunset. When I was younger, no older than maybe six years old, I loved the waves. My cousins would be too scared to go near the big ones, preferring to stay near the shore. But as for me, the daredevil, I looked down upon the wimpy waves, wanting only the big ones that can only be found in deeper water.Once, a big storm hit our beach and all the strong men went out to try to conquer the 10 feet waves. I wanted so much to join them battle the sea. However, my mother would not let me go in. So instead, my cousins and I stayed on the porch watching, amazed at how the calm and peaceful ocean of the daytime could turn into such a monster. But the next morning, the sound of the calm waves crashing on the sandy shore greeted me as I first opened my eyes to the new day in paradise. The peaceful water I knew and loved had returned, waiting for me to go back in.Even the not so great things at the beach will grow on a person. For instance, the fact that sand gets everywhere may bother some people, but not me. And not just the places you would expect it to be, it’s everywhere. Even when you try so hard not to touch the sandy ocean f loor, it gets in your swimsuit, the couch, the bed, and the floor. It just seems to follow you in the house, despite the many rugs feebly attempting the stop the sand at the front door. But while at any beach, you come to expect it.I not only came to live with sleeping with sand, but I also started to like it. I never had to leave the beach, even when I was sleeping. There are other down sides to being at the beach, but none of them bother me anymore. For example, no matter how much sunscreen you rub into your skin, you always seem to get sunburn somewhere. Or how it doesn’t matter if you are dripping with bug spray at night, the mosquitoes attack you anyway. But even sunburn and mosquito bites can’t ruin my trips to the beach. After all, I am at my favorite place in the world.

Ethics and Moral reasoning Essay

Facing Life While Fighting For an End Every one of us will stare down the face of death at some point in our lives; however, some will face it in much more unpleasant circumstances then others. We all have a right to choose what we want to do with our bodies. We even have the right to decide that we no longer wish to endure the pain and suffering of a terminal illness. Terminal illness is when someone is suffering from something that will eventually take their life regardless of any medical interventions. In this paper I will discuss the point in which a person has a right to decide if they want to die and what processes are ethically moral in aiding them in seeing their wishes come to fruition. Medicine has created more ways to cure or to minimize a person’s suffering from diseases that were once fatal or painful. Medical technology has given us the power to sustain the lives of patients whose physical and mental capabilities cannot be restored, whose degenerating conditions cannot be reversed, and whose pain can not be eliminated. As medicine struggles to pull more and more people away from the edge of death, there are pleas for relief outpouring from the tortured, deteriorated lives that all of us be merciful and give them the relief they need. (C Andre, and M Velazquez, KND). When a person is faced with the end of their life, it is said that we should agree that the absence of pain and the pride of the person should be taken into great consideration. When a terminally ill person is no longer capable of intellectual pursuits, is in constant pain and must rely on others for all of their needs, Mill feels that it is a more dignified choice to end the suffering, therefor fulfilling the â€Å"absence of pain† principle (pain including one’s inability to seek higher pleasure through intellectual pursuit) (J Conley, April 2010). Doctors are at the epicenter of  controversies regarding end of life issues and face so much scrutiny from both sides of opposing groups. Some doctors believe that it is oka y to assist the patient in their wish to end their suffering by simply discontinuing any and all lifesaving interventions. Other doctors believe that every effort must be made to save the person’s life until there is nothing else left to do. Once the doctor has reached this point they will place patients under hospice care and the patients are given medications to treat their pain such as morphine. The doses are in such high amounts that the patient is no longer coherent and able to make decisions on their own. They will usually expire within days following their first does due to how the medication slows down the heart and breathing. Supporters of the utilitarian ethic believe that the benefits of assisted suicide outweigh the costs. They argue that assisted suicide allows terminally ill patients to avoid needless pain and misery in their final days. They believe that it will allow a patient to maintain control over the timing and manner of their death verses having to face an unsure timeline and suffer for what could be far longer and harder than a physician may give. The utilitarian believes th at this would ensure that they would die with a sense of dignity. Post importantly it would insure that an individual’s right to self-autonomy would be honored at the end of life (M. Levin, KND). If you look at the views of a deontologist they would oppose this method because deontologists are all about duty. While both deontologists and utilitarian’s would typically do the same thing, Deontologists act out of duty, and would make their decision only once they see that the patient is on their last leg and is unable to respond for themselves, while the utilitarian acts out of a means to provide a sense of peace. When you are a utilitarian people may view you as irrational and emotional and not take you serious, while a deontologist may come across as a bit crude or even heartless. The downside to being in such a place to make these tough decisions can bring about certain issues such as: individuals feeling pressured to terminate their life because of a misperception of their diagnosis or prognosis; because of depression; or because of a concern for the burden they place on others and the depletion of their assets. Some individuals may feel pressured to end life by selfish family members or caregivers. This is why it is so important for the professionals to handle each case as though it is so sensitive. Each  patient must be thoroughly analyzed to make sure that they meet the proper criteria for end of life intervention. Life is about growing and learning, however, sometimes we are very limited to what we are able to do. This has no bearing on the quality of life and in no way should be used in ones decision to end their life nor should doctors look at limitations as a good reason to end life. The only times someone should be allowed to choose death over life is if they are unable to live a life that is rich and full of opportunity in spite of their illness. Meaning, that the illness is causing too much pain or that the illness in not allowing them to enjoy certain activities that they normally love doing. Then and only then the person should be able to choose what they want to do. Let me clarify this a little further. As we get older we will all eventually not be able to enjoy certain activities that we were once were able to, this alone would not be a reason to want to take your life, because your quality of life has not been interrupted. What would be a good reason is a person confined to a bed, being taken care of twenty-four-seven by a loved one or care giver and doctors have said that the chances of healing are not there. We will all stare down death in the face at some point. However, life is not about dying, but about living. If a person cannot live a life rich and full of meaning due to a terminal illness, they have the right to choose to live or die. If those rights are infringed upon the person withholding one’s personal rights should face dire consequences. Life is hard as it is, but then to be dyeing and living it in pain and suffering would be unimaginable and more inhumane then having it ended with the assistance of a medical professional on an at will basis. REFERENCES Ituriguy, July 5, 2008. The Decision To End One’s Own Life Is A Fundamental Human Right. Retrieved March 10, 2014 from www.opposingviews.com Wikipedia, KND. Utilitarianism. Retrieved: March 24, 2014 from www.wikipedia.com C. Andrea and M. Valdez, KND. Assisted Suicide: A Right or A Wrong? Retrieved: March 24, 2014 from www.scu.edu J. Conley, April 2010. Kantian vs. Utilitarian Ethics of Euthanasia. Retrieved: March 24, 2014 from www.wp4dying.blogspot.com M. Levine, KND. PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE: LEGALITY AND MORALITY. Retrieved: March 24, 2014, from: www.levinlaw.com

Free Essays on Global Marketing

Firms are taking a global perspective today to a much greater degree than in the past. Global marketing is a particular way of looking at the markets of the world and a particular way of responding to international pressures. Companies today are arranging their entire business structure to respond to global demands. Manufacturing is done at different points around the world; distribution is shaped to different requirements; products are repackaged and even reformulated for different world regions; and marketing is shaped to appeal to people in different parts of the world. There are four types of marketing mindset that can be brought to bear on a marketing problem. The global perspective takes a different view of opportunities and facts about the world market than the domestic, international, or multinational perspectives would do. The global perspective in fact encompasses all cultures or nationalities. International and multinational perspectives depend on experience gained from direct contact with one or several other countries and cultures. The marketing manager with a global perspective achieves that view throughout the world, even for areas where no direct prior experience exists. The marketing manager must obviously think differently about the world to use this perspective. A wide variety of types of knowledge are necessary for a global perspective, among them economic knowledge, political knowledge, cultural knowledge, historic knowledge, geographic knowledge, and an understanding of global market knowledge. Each of these types of knowledge applies to each individual country to which one may be marketing and to the international scene, involving relationship between and among countries, as part of the global marketing perspective. In part, the manager is always comparing cultures, analyzing the target culture against the one he or she knows best, their own. With the rapidly advancing tec... Free Essays on Global Marketing Free Essays on Global Marketing Firms are taking a global perspective today to a much greater degree than in the past. Global marketing is a particular way of looking at the markets of the world and a particular way of responding to international pressures. Companies today are arranging their entire business structure to respond to global demands. Manufacturing is done at different points around the world; distribution is shaped to different requirements; products are repackaged and even reformulated for different world regions; and marketing is shaped to appeal to people in different parts of the world. There are four types of marketing mindset that can be brought to bear on a marketing problem. The global perspective takes a different view of opportunities and facts about the world market than the domestic, international, or multinational perspectives would do. The global perspective in fact encompasses all cultures or nationalities. International and multinational perspectives depend on experience gained from direct contact with one or several other countries and cultures. The marketing manager with a global perspective achieves that view throughout the world, even for areas where no direct prior experience exists. The marketing manager must obviously think differently about the world to use this perspective. A wide variety of types of knowledge are necessary for a global perspective, among them economic knowledge, political knowledge, cultural knowledge, historic knowledge, geographic knowledge, and an understanding of global market knowledge. Each of these types of knowledge applies to each individual country to which one may be marketing and to the international scene, involving relationship between and among countries, as part of the global marketing perspective. In part, the manager is always comparing cultures, analyzing the target culture against the one he or she knows best, their own. With the rapidly advancing tec...

Top 10 Great Companies Hiring This Summer

Top 10 Great Companies Hiring This Summer Looking for a job right now? Summer might typically be a time for slowing down, but if you’re in need of finding work ASAP, there are a few amazing places looking to grow their ranks and do so immediately. Try applying at these great companies first. There are recruiters at each looking for candidates just like you!1. ZendeskZendesk is hiring in San Francisco, NYC, Madison, and more, plus remote positions. You’ll do best if you’re a good match for these positions: Account Executive, Senior DevOps Engineer, Sales Development Representative, University Recruiting Specialist, Senior Database Administrator, and Senior Video Editor, but there are many more. Employees say the company is great for coworker engagement and bonding.2. Dow JonesAt Dow Jones, or at subsidiary brands like brands such as The Wall Street Journal, Newswires, Factiva, Barron’s, MarketWatch, and Financial News, you will find open positions in all departments at the moment.3. HayneedleHaynee dle is hiring in CA and NE. There are open positions for  Workforce Coordinators, Pricing Analysts, Digital Category Owners, Customer Care Specialists, Directors of Customer Acquisition, Project Managers, Domestic Transportation Specialists, and Work-from-Home Online Retail Specialists, but it’s worth a shot no matter what if you’re interested in joining the team.4. Citizen SchoolsHelp all children discover and harness their potential to achieve their dreams. This company partners with public middle schools in under-served communities. Hop on board as a Teaching Fellow this summer. A home base of  California, NY, NJ, or MA is a plus!5. ClouderaThis Apache Hadoop software company is hiring. If you’re into data and data storage, snag one of their numerous open positions while you can.6. AmazonThis behemoth has a huge list of open positions in a wide variety of states. If you’re a Data Scientist, Part-Time Seasonal Shipping and Receiving Associate, Senio r HR Leader, Solutions Architect, Economist, UX Researcher, Curriculum Developer, Global Practice Manager, Technical Writer, Software Development Engineer, Art Director, Big Data Consultant, or just really keen to work for Amazon, now’s your chance.7. GlassdoorWith multiple openings here and in the UK/Ireland, this company is specifically looking for Salesforce Solution Architects, Lead Data Scientists, Marketing Analytics Managers, Software Engineering Interns, Sales Development Representatives, Directors of Product Marketing, Directors of Global Sales Enablement, Collateral Designers, Lead Technical Recruiters, and Senior Directors of Revenue, among others.8. AddThisIf you’re passionate about the web, this marketing technology company might be a great and innovative fit for you. They’re looking for new designers, engineers, and sales geniuses!9. ViroolThis company is one of the fastest-growing video advertising platforms, with a global network of over 100 mill ion viewers. They need to grow their team in order to keep up their current rate of growth. Get in while you can!10. Delta AirlinesHiring Graduate Interns, Station Managers, Ground Maintenance Mechanics, System Engineers, Shop Equipment Technicians, Lead Supply Attendants, Specialist-Reliability Programs, Managers, Aviation Maintenance Techs, Baggage Handlers, Customer Service Agents, and others- all across the country. If you want a job fast, plus travel benefits, then look no further for a good place to apply.

Article Critique 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Article Critique 2 - Essay Example As a student engages in physical exercise such as playing basketball or any other health promoting physical exercise, his/her interpersonal skills and interactions increase. The thesis is also clear as it helps a reader to generally interpolate that idle students may engage in acts like alcohol consumption. In addition, students who have strained interpersonal relationships with peers may be suffering from stress. As a means of stress management, they may resort to alcohol consumption. Intended audience The study has a number of audiences that are addressed. One of the audiences is students already studying in college and those wishing to join college. The study addresses them directly as they are the subjects of the study. Other audiences are parents and university administration as they are responsible for the student’s wellbeing. The review of literature is sufficient and relevant as it looks at the three main variables in details. The literature also focuses on recent rese arch, which shows its relevance. Hypothesis The hypothesis is that college students who participate in regular physical activity have low stress levels, better interpersonal relationships, as well as low levels of alcohol consumption. The sample for the study The sample of the study drew participants from a public university in south eastern United States, whereby freshmen aged between 18 and 25 were selected. The participants must also have taken alcohol within the past three months, and they must be able to read and speak English. Samples were randomly selected from seminar classrooms and residence halls. The main mode of data collection was through the HPLP-II and Daily Drinking questionnaire (Wilson-Salandy & Nies, 2012). Critique of the conclusion The conclusion shows that the hypothesis was disapproved. The conclusion shows that there is no relationship between the three variables that the study sought to test. However, other studies reveal a positive correlation between physi cal activity and alcohol consumption, interpersonal relationships and stress management. This study shows no relationship at all. This may imply that the study may have been skewed in terms of questions asked and sampling techniques. The next step for this study is that the same study needs to be repeated in another region to examine whether the same results will be achieved. The results imply that there is no significant effect on interpersonal relationship, alcohol consumption and stress management whether students engage in physical activities or not. This may discourage students from engaging in healthy exercises. My overall impression concerning the study is that the review of literature was well grounded, but the method of data collection was skewed. The study ought to have carried out a study with a single objective such as effects of physical activity on alcohol consumption, and the other variables to be considered as subsets or minor variables. This will have helped in prec ise analysis of data. Another impression is that the study ought to have sampled students from various universities in different locations, in order to ensure that results are fairly balanced. I disagree with the results, especially from the verity that all the three variabl

Informal Recommendations Research Report Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Informal Recommendations Report - Research Paper Example Accounts payable is the hardest working accounting function. It is very important for an organization to use its resources for implementing this best practice in a company. In an organization generally different types of accounting record are being gathered. That information is invoices, purchasing orders and copy of receipt. Person from accounts payable department collects these three important documents and verify those documents before paying the accounts payable (Esma, 2013). It is tough job and highly error prone. Elimination of manual checking is a best practice for accounts payable. It is often being noticed that staffs of a company perform manual check of different bills and sign those bills and enter those information into a computer system. In this whole process staffs may enter faulty information into the system and as the process is done fast so, often some important information are not free from errors. Maintaining database of suppliers is a best practice for payable staffs of a company. It has been observed that maintaining a large data base of supplier is a serious problem for the staffs. It is often being noticed that suppliers make complaints that they are not getting their money in proper time. These kinds of problems generally occur due to large supplier base (Hansen, Otley and Sted, 2003). For resolving this issue reducing the supplier base is a best practice. Budgeting is a very difficult and painful but one of the most important best practices of accounting. It requires significant efforts to come up with a proper budget. Budgeting is all about allocations of the resources of a company in its different operating segments. This process is completed on the basis of past trends and futures forecasting and so levels of uncertainties are there. Those presences of uncertainties are making this a very risky function. It has been observed that when staffs of an organization is presenting the budget in front of the management of

Sweatshops Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sweatshops - Essay Example Nike violated laws about working conditions, working hours, and forced overtime. They have been labeled as employing ‘sweatshop’ conditions in their manufacturing units. Due to globalization markets expanded and the market discipline intensified. This discipline penetrated into the spheres of lives of people previously untouched. The global garment industry offers the western consumers a wide variety of styles and fashion at affordable prices. Competition in the industry gave rise to sweatshops. To survive amidst competition, market restructuring had to be done in the form of buyer-driven commodity chains and lean retailing (Micheletti, 2006). They had to respond to the changing consumer demands for fashion and quality at reasonable prices. They had to invest to create and satisfy the fluctuating demands of the consumers. To deliver fashion and quality they had to rely on the individual garment workers and not the machinery. People started clamoring for branded products and brand culture was what became the decisive factor. Sweatshops are not new to America and since the industrial revolution many generations have toiled in sweatshops. Usually women, children or unskilled workers are used in sweatshops from the poverty-stricken families, who have no other option to earn a livelihood. Their pay is sub-standard and the working conditions are unsafe and unhygienic. Although it essentially started in the garment industry, but it exists in other industries as well. Sweat shops are the result of greed and opportunism; they may also stem from competitive pressures. These have come into existence due to globalization, government regulations, immigration, business practices, racial, ethnic and gender discrimination. The people are underpaid and overworked while the working conditions are unsanitary and far from reasonable. It violates safety, heath, wage and child labor laws. People have gone to the extent of saying that they would

Review On The Capital Structure Debate Finance Essay

Review On The Capital Structure Debate Finance Essay Corporations fund their operations by raising capital from a variety of distinct sources. The mix between the different sources, generally referred to as the firms capital structure has attracted considerable attention from academics and practitioners. Debt and equity are raised by firms to finance new investment projects. As such, both of them are sources of funds for the business. Debt usually consists of bank loans either long term or short term whereas equity consists of stocks and bonds. Hence, capital structure refers to the mixture of debt and equity finance used by a company to finance its activities. The correct choice of the mix of debt and equity is questionable. Financial managers problem is to find out the combination of securities that have the greatest overall appeal to investors. Moreover individual firms often change their debt ratios over time, perhaps responding to changes in investment opportunities, agency costs and so on. According to R Charles Moyer, James R. McGuigan and William J. Kretlow (1982), leverage is closely related to capital structure in the financial field. 2.1.1 Importance It is found that there are basically three types of financing decisions taken by firms namely the (i) the distribution of earnings which is the consumption decision, (ii) the capital budgeting decision,i.e, the investment decision and (iii) the capital structure decision. The capital structure decision is fundamental in order to carry out the other two financing decisions, i.e how much cash should the firm lend or borrow in order to carry out the consumption and investment decision. The capital Structure decision is important since profits of various organizational constituencies are maximized as well as the organization is able to deal with its competitive milieu. 2.2 Theories of Capital Structure 2.2.1 Traditional View The traditional view specifies that when a firm uses the right mix of debt and equity, the lowest its WACC, the more it will maximize the firms value due to the tax advantage of debt. If a firm wants to make an optimal capital structure decision, it will have to choose those sources of finance that gives the lowest cost of capital which will in turn lead to the lowest WACC. However, it is to be noted that as gearing increases, the cost of equity and consequently the bankruptcy risk will increase which will in turn lead to an increase in the cost of debt. However, the validity of this theory has been criticized since there is no underlying theory which shows by how much the cost of equity should increase due to increased leverage and by how much the cost of debt should increased due to increased in bankruptcy risk. 2.2.2 Modigliani and Miller Theory In their landmark paper in 1958, the Modigliani Miller Theorem (Modigliani and Miller, 1958, 1961) says that the value of a firm and the investment decisions should be autonomous from its capital structure. In other words, leverage should have no effect on investment decisions. However, the Modigliani Miller Theorem assumes a world with no taxes, information asymmetries or agency costs. Assuming perfect capital markets, they propounded to what is today widely known theory of capital structure irrelevance which means that the capital structure that a company chooses does not affect its value. Later theories argue that leverage clearly can matter due to the effect of taxes, information and agency costs (Myers, 2001). Later, in 1963, Modigliani and Miller took taxation under consideration and proposed that companies should employ as much debt capital as possible in order to achieve the optimal capital structure. Along the lines with corporate taxation, numerous studies also analyzed the case of personal taxes imposed on individuals. Miller (1977) suggests tax rates in the tax legislation of the some of the OECD countries that evaluate the total value of the company. These are the corporate tax rate, the tax rate on income in the form of dividends and the tax rate on interest income. According to Miller, the value of the company depends on the relative percentage and importance of each tax rate, compared with the other two. With respect to theoretical studies, there are two widely acknowledged competitive models of capital structure namely the static trade off model and the pecking order hypothesis. 2.2.3 Tradeoff/ Static Theory This approach presents capital structure as a balance between positive and negative effects of leverage respectively linked to a firms tax advantages and financial risk. The trade off theory introduces into the capital structure debate the benefit of the debt tax shield on one hand and the cost associated with financial distress on the other. The implication of this theory is that each firm has an optimal debt ratio that maximises value, although this level may vary between firms. Moreover, the trade off theory is often further extended to incorporate agency considerations. This is in the spirit of Jensen and Meckling (1976) who note that debt is valuable in reducing the agency costs of equity but at the same time debt is costly as it increases the agency costs of debt. However, there are factors that this theory cannot explain such as why companies are generally conservative in using debt finance, for example, some successful companies such as major pharmaceutical manufacturers continue to operate with low leverage. Furthermore, this theory cannot explain why leverage is negatively related to profitability as reported by Myers (1993), Titman and Wessels (1988) and Fama and French (2000). 2.2.4 Pecking Order Theory Pecking Order Theory is considered as one of the most influential theories of capital structure According to Myres (1984), this theory advocates an order in the choice of finance due to different degrees of information asymmetry and related agency costs embodied in distinct sources of finance. As such, retained earnings are used first since they constitute the cheapest means of finance, hardly being affected by any information asymmetry. Second, debt is used as there is low information asymmetry due to fixed obligations acting as an effective monitoring device. Finally, external equity is used only as a last resort as it conveys adverse signaling effect as explained by event studies. This theory also claims that there is no optimal capital structure that maximises the firms value. The attraction of interest tax shields and the treatment of financial distress are therefore assumed to be second order of importance, because debt ratios change when there is an imbalance of internal cash flows net of dividends and real investment opportunities. Profitable firms work down to low debt ratios, while those whose viable investment opportunities exceed internally generated funds tend to borrow more and more. The pecking order form of financing is also influenced by information asymmetries which are where investors make inferences about a firms prospects based on managements financing decisions. A positive impact on the share price only occurs if management chooses to refinance with debt rather than equity, because the firms prospects are then viewed as being good (i.e. by investors). Managers thus avoid the alternative scenario (a decline in the share price due to new equity issues) by maintaining a borrowing capacity or financial slack that consists of retained earnings and/or marketable securities. 2.2.5 Agency Theory Jensen and Meckling (1976) pinpoint the existence of the agency problem which arises due to the conflicts either between managers and shareholders (agency cost of equity capital) or between shareholders and debt holders (agency cost of debt capital). Promoters with major shareholding usually consider the impact of raising funds via equity financing. However, more equity shareholders would imply a dilution of control. Therefore, in order to retain control over management, some firms prefer debt financing. Theory supports that leverage matters due to the effect on agency costs. Leverage is predicted to reduce the agency costs from the manager-shareholder conflict; thereby mitigating the investment inefficiency resulting from this conflict. The Free Cash Flow theory (Jensen, 1986) suggests that debt reduces the agency cost of free cash flow. He also argues that, since debt commits the firm to pay out cash, it reduces that amount of free cash flow available to managers to engage in self interest activities. Debt financing ensures that the management is disciplined to making efficient investment decisions which will maximize the firms value and that they are not pursing individual decisions which will increase the profitability of bankruptcy. The mitigation of the conflicts between managers and shareholders constitutes the benefit of debt financing. Furthermore, Jensen argues that debt also imposes strong control effects on managers. Debt holders can exert a stronger control of the firm than shareholders. A promise to shareholders to payout a certain amount in dividends is considered weak since it is not binding (dividends can be reduced in the future). Debt creation, however, forces managers to effectively bond their promise to pay out future cash flows. The debt holders have the right to take the firm to bankruptcy court if the firm cannot make its debt service payments. The threat caused by failure to make debt service payments serves as an effective motivation force for managers to make their firms more efficient. Thus, through the reduction of free cash flows and control effects, leverage is presumed to mitigate the manager-shareholder conflict and overinvestment. According to Harris and Raviv (1990), the role of debt in allowing investors to generate information useful for monitoring management and implementing efficient operating decisions. Debt-holders use their legal rights to force management to provide information. The optimal amount of debt is determined by trading-off the value of information and opportunities for disciplining management against the probability of incurring costs. Monitoring costs would be incurred by debt-holders to ensure that the managers do not increase the risk of the firm by investing in risky projects. However, by investigating in risky projects, free cash flows can fluctuate and debt holders might not be paid. To prevent this, banks will have to monitor the firm and will thus impose a number of conditions, for example, the firm will keep a particular liquidity ratio as decided by the banks analysis. Subsequently, the cost of debt will increase since it will include the agency costs. As a result WACC will increa se and eventually the value of the firm will decrease. Hence, the firm will not be able to take maximum of debt since the cost of debt will increase because of the monitoring costs that have to be adhered to. Therefore, firms with relatively higher agency costs due to the inherent conflict between the firm and the debt-holders should have lower levels of outside debt financing and leverage. 2.2.6 The Signaling Hypothesis The Signaling Theory is based n the assumption that managers possess superior knowledge as insiders as opposed to outside investors who know much less about the economic health of a firm. This hypothesis suggests that managers may choose financial leverage as means to send signals to the public about the future of the company. Ross (1977) claimed that greater average financial leverage is used by managers to signal an optimistic future about the firm. Furthermore, Leland and Pyle (1977) argued that an owners willingness to invest in his own project conveys a positive information to the market since it can be used as a signal for project quality. 2.2.7 Bankruptcy Cost Arguments against/For debt (put I table in Appendix in case in excess)

Murray Siskind: Wise Man Or Raving Mad? Essay -- essays research paper

Is Murray Siskind a raving lunatic or a wise, but somewhat eccentric man? Does he ever have a point, or is he just mindlessly rambling? He’s neither of those things. The first impression he gives is of someone who’s in between, but that proves not to be the case. He’s actually a very cunning man, one who has become the â€Å"devil† voice of Jack Gladney’s conscience. Eventually he’d like to become Jack. He covets not only his position and standing in the university, but also his wife, Babette, and he makes no secret of it. Why else would he do something to lewd as to sniff her hair and grope her the way he does? He tells Jack that the only way to seduce a woman is with clear and open desire. Well, it don’t get no clearer than that. All those things become apparent later on. First, we find out who Murray Jay Siskind is. He’s an ex-sportswriter from New York. He’s Jewish. He was briefly married once during his sportswriter days. We know he is now a visiting lecturer on â€Å"living icons† at College-on-the-Hill. Physically, he is â€Å"a stoop shouldered man with little round glasses and an Amish beard† (DeLillo 10). He’s hairy, but does not have a moustache, only a beard. He dresses almost entirely in corduroy. He likes his men simple and his women complicated. He â€Å"is trying to develop a vulnerability that women will find attractive† (DeLillo 21), but so far has only managed to create sneaky and lecherous expression. For him, sex seems very matter-of-fact, like a business transaction. Just flat out lust. He even reads a magazine called American Transvestite. Murray is, by his own admission, â€Å"a solitary crank who marrons himself with a TV set and dozens of stacks of dust-jacketed comic books† (DeLillo 52). He shares a house across the street from an insane asylum with boarders who seem like they ought to be confined there too. Not that he minds, though. He’s â€Å"totally captivated and intrigued †¦ totally enamored of †¦ the small town setting† (DeLillo 10). At first, Murray seems like a deep person with interesting quirks (he takes pleasure in sniffing food labels in the supermarket). He’s deeper than the other pop culture professors who read nothing but cereal boxes and have food fights while discussing the culture of public toilets and reminiscing where they were when James Dean died. Murray has theories. Lots of theories. In an odd way, some of them make sense. For exa... ...mps out the fragments of Jack’s mind and fills it with his own devious thoughts. Jack is not a killer, and under normal circumstances Jack would never have been a killer. Murray is a killer, if just psychologically. He proves it once and for all when he forces Jack to â€Å"elicit the truths [he] already possess† (DeLillo 293), that a dier can become a killer. He disguises himself - â€Å"I’m only a visiting lecturer. I theorize, I take walks, I admire trees and houses† (DeLillo 293), and prefaces nearly every sentence with â€Å"in theory† or â€Å"theoretically† but he knows what the outcome will be. When Jack shoots Willie Mink, Murray is as guilty as if he pulled the trigger himself. Murray probably hoped Jack would be sent to prison for shooting Willie, freeing up Babette for himself. I stated in the beginning that Murray was cunning. People who are cunning possess a strong ability to mesmerize and manipulate. They can, on some levels, seem very logical. Hitler is often described as a cunning man. Murray is not wise. Murray is bad. He manipulated minds, he played with peoples’ lives. In hindsight none of it worked out in his favor, but that doesn’t change that facts. It was an evil thing to do.

Radio One, Incorporated

Radio One, Incorporated In general ? Assume a corporate tax rate of 34%, and a market risk premium of 7. 2%. ? Data in exhibit 9 are in $1,000. ? Show and explain all your calculations, i. e. the reader/grader must be able to follow your reasoning and be able to understand all your calculations without using time to reconstruct your numbers. ? Make additional assumptions if necessary, but make them explicitly. ? Good luck. ? Questions 1. Why does Radio One want to acquire the 12 urban stations from Clear Channel Communications in the top 50 markets along with the 9 stations in Charlotte, North Carolina, Augusta, Georgia, and Indianapolis, Indiana? What are the benefits and risks? 2. What price should Radio One offer on a discounted cash flow analysis assuming all equity financing? ? Show and explain cash flows items needed to be estimated to get relevant cash flows in 2001 – 2004. Estimate relevant cost of capital to calculate PV of relevant cash flows assuming acquisition is all equity financed. ? Estimate terminal value of potential acquisitions after forecast period ends in 2004. ? What price should Radio One offer on a discounted cash flow analysis using relevant cash flow in 2001 – 2004 and a terminal value in 2004? ? Are the cash flow projections (in forecast period and terminal value) reasonable? If not: Revise your calculations. 3. What price should Radio One offer on a transaction multiple for comparable transactions analysis? What price should Radio One offer on a trading multiple of comparable firm analysis? 4. Assuming that Radio One’s stock price is 30? BCF, can it offer as much as 30? BCF for the new stations without reducing the stock price? 5. What price should Radio One offer for the new stations?

Google Inc: Swot Analysis

Google Inc. : SWOT analysis Introduction: Google was started as a research project by two Stanford PhD students named Sergey Brin and Larry page. They registered the domain name google. com in the year 1997 and in September 1998, it became a privately owned incorporate Google Inc. With its extensive research on search algorithms and use of state of the art technology, Google successfully established its brand name in internet search engines market. By the year 2004, Google came up covering over 75% of US web search market. Though Google is a dominating player in internet searching market, it has to compete with its rivals in this field where there is no long time entry barrier. Google can expand / change its business model to survive in this best search engine race. SWOT Analysis:* Strengths:* †¢ Google – Already number one search engine has established a brand name, in which its users trust. It’s dependable, reliable and fast. †¢ Google needs very little end user marketing as the name itself is getting word by mouth publicity. Google has a simple interface and it gives comprehensive results without confusing its users. †¢ Google has low operation cost as it uses low cost UNIX web servers for indexing millions of web pages across internet. †¢ Google has hired PhDs who are continuously working hard in order to enhance search algorithms and make searching faster, efficient and relevant. †¢ By 2003, Google has already powered over 75% of the 300 million searches cond ucted daily in the U. S. and 300 million plus outside the U. S. Google provides an interface to 88 languages to make it comfortable to search for its users in different countries. †¢ Google uses state of the art search technology to index pages regularly in order to give most updated results to its users. †¢ Google also weights the votes and ranks web pages with its PageRank technology to give its user access to most important pages first. †¢ Google is not biased towards advertisers. It clearly separates relevant advertisements and actual results by giving â€Å"Sponsored Links† tag to sponsored results when user searches to get information with some keyword. Moreover, it also ranks sponsored links to keep most relevant sponsored links on the top. †¢ Google offers localized search called â€Å"search by location† where users can get results showing vendors, products and services nearby their areas. †¢ Google also has a range of innovative additional services like Images, Groups, Directory, and News. Google didn’t complicate its website by making itself a portal; rather it kept tabs for these services on its homepage so users can easily navigate and that also keeps the website as simple as it was earlier. Google has also come up with solutions for wireless handheld devices, personalized toolbars, catalogues which are added essence strengths. †¢ Google quickly routes the user to the webpage and doesn’t linger for ad revenue. *Weaknesses:* †¢ Many spammers manipulate Google’s ranking technology by creating dummy sites with thousands of links to pages that they wanted Google to rank highly. â₠¬ ¢ Google’s link based ranking did not employ actual traffic analysis. Google’s Cost Per Click advertising charging and ranking policy is confusing and makes it difficult for marketers to predict where their ads would be positioned and how much they would cost. †¢ Google’s contextual advertising was perceived by marketers to be less effective in generating sales because visitors to web pages showing editorial content were less likely than searchers to be ready to buy. †¢ Contextual search algorithms are not 100% perfect and many times make mistakes. Google’s localized search algorithms too sometimes result in errors due to automated indexing. †¢ Google’s business model is complex, depending upon both google. com and mass market portals for its revenue. †¢ Although Google is a dominating player among search engine websites, only 50% to 65% of web search queries are answered accurately by it. †¢ Google doesn’t have â €Å"sticky† like Yahoo! And MSN have which can attract users. †¢ Google doesn’t have highly personalized search by which it could charge users with switching cost if they decide to leave Google’s services.